经络、寒气及营养、（20）

维生素 K 维生素 K 是脂溶性维生素。它维护血液功能正常凝固和骨钙代谢等方面。根据科学研究维生素 K 能帮助老年人维持骨骼的健全 还可防止内出血及痔疮。经常流鼻血的人，应该多从天然食物中摄取维生素K。。缺乏维生素K，血凝时间延长和容易擦伤 。 硒 (selenium) 缺乏硒能导致 卡申 疾病（Keshan disease）,这可能是致命的。 硒不足与缺碘也有助于卡申-克疾病的发生。硒作为一个抗氧化剂可能有助于防止癌症或加强免疫活动。 硒是很容易被肠胃系统吸收。 植物来源的硒比动物来源的硒更易吸收。硒其中的功能是(1),可能是一个对各种类癌症的重要抑制剂 （2） 这是一个天然抗氧化剂 (3) 生产前列腺素的必需元素和(4)在维生素E的帮助下它能促进身体正常的增长和发展。 它 也增强维生素E抗氧化的效果。

Jing Luo, negative energy & nutrients (19)

Lutein Lutein is one form of carotenoid found in dark green leafy vegetables such as spinach, plus various fruits and corn. Egg yolks are also sources of lutein. Our body cannot produce Lutein but has to rely on food. Lutein provides nutritional support to our eyes and skin. Studies suggest that a mixture of nutrients, including lutein, may provide supplemental antioxidant capacity to the skin, helping counteract free radical damage. Lutein may also help prevent or slow down atherosclerosis, the thickening of arteries, which is a major risk for cardiovascular disease. Lutein is an antioxidant that appears to quench or reduce harmful free radicals in various parts of the body. Free radicals can play a role in a variety of chronic diseases. Lutein is said to have help in reducing the risk of Age Related Macular Degeneration (AMD). AMD occurs when the fragile center of the retina–the macula–deteriorates due to aging and damage by free radical. The macula is a small area of the retina responsible for central vision, and high visual acuity. Poor macular health can cause oxidative stress within the retina, leading to a loss of central vision. Lutein also filters the high-energy, blue wavelengths of light from the visible-light spectrum by as much as 90%. Blue light, in both indoor lighting and sunlight, is believed to induce oxidative stress and possible free-radical damage in human organs exposed to light, such as the eyes and skin.

经络、寒气及营养（19）

叶黄素 （Lutein） 叶黄素是从万寿菊菊花中提取的一种天然色素。叶黄素又名“植物黄体素”。叶黄素是一种广泛存在于蔬菜、花卉、水果等植物中的天然物质，居于“类胡萝b类”族物质。人类的眼睛含有高量的叶黄素和玉米黄素(zeaxanthin)但这两种元素是人体无法制造的，必须靠含叶黄素和玉米黄素的食物来补充，若缺乏这两种元素，眼睛就会失明。医学实验证明植物中所含的天然叶黄素是一种性能优异的抗氧化剂可预防细胞衰老和机体器官衰老，同时还可预防老年性眼球视网膜黄斑退化引起的视力下降与失明。预防老年性黄斑变性所导致的盲眼病由于衰老而发生的肌肉退化症可使65岁以上的老年人引发不能恢复的盲眼病。而叶黄素在预防肌肉退化症方面效果良好，由于它在人体内不能产生，因此必须从食物中或额外补充，尤其是老年人必须经常选用含叶黄素丰富的食物。眼睛中的叶黄素对紫外线有过滤作用，有保护由日光，电脑等所发射的紫外线所导致的对眼睛和视力的伤害作用。叶黄素能帮助降低白内障的发生率。叶黄素减轻体内和皮肤退行性老年斑的危险，通过抗氧化作用，降低过氧化脂质的形成。叶黄素防止低密度脂蛋白被氧化，从而减轻心脏病的危险。 叶黄素延缓动脉硬化作用。 叶黄素对多种癌症有抑制作用，如乳腺癌，前列腺癌，直肠癌，皮肤癌等。 叶黄素能帮助改善糖尿病所引起的视网膜毛细管障碍进而改善及恢复视力。

jing luo,negative energy & nutrients (18)

Lack of Vitamin E with other anti oxidants work in synergy will likely to cause the following sickness:- Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive disease of the retina wherein the light-sensing cells in the central area of vision (the macula) stop working and eventually die. It is a disease associated with aging that gradually destroys sharp, central vision. Central vision is needed for seeing objects clearly and for common daily tasks such as reading and driving. AMD affects the macula, the part of the eye that allows you to see fine detail. AMD causes no pain. Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness in the United States and the developed world among people of 65 years of age and older. It has been shown that Vitamin E alone does not attentuate the development or progression of AMD. However, studies focusing on efficacy of Vitamin E combined with other antioxidants, like zinc and Vitamin C, indicate a protective effect against the onset and progression of AMD. Alzheimer's Disease Alzheimer's disease is a wasting disease of the brain. An observational trial conducted by The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health found that when vitamin E is taken daily in large doses (400-1000IU) in combination with vitamin C (500-1000mg) the onset of Alzheimer's was reduced between 64 and 78%. Recent studies shown that Alzheimer's disease is no longer confined to elderly people but young ones as well from the age of 40 onwards and it is possible that with amount of free radicals around us most diseases will no longer be confined to elderly people. Parkinson Disease In May 2005, The Lancet Neurology published a study suggesting that vitamin E may help protect against Parkinson's disease. Individuals with moderate to high intakes of dietary vitamin E were found to have a lower risk of Parkinson's. Beta Carotene Carotenoids are a class of natural fat-soluble pigments found primarily in plants. Carotenoids are responsible for many of the red, orange, and yellow hues of plant leaves, fruits, and flowers. The most widely studied and well-understood nutritional role for carotenoids is their provitamin A activity because the body can convert them into retinol which is an active form of vitamin A. Deficiency of vitamin A is a major cause of premature death particularly among children. Carotenoids act as biological antioxidants, protecting cells and tissues from the damaging effects of free radicals and singlet oxygen. Carotenoids particularly beta-carotene, are also believed to enhance the function of the immune system. Researchers now believe that poor communication between cells may be one of the causes of the overgrowth of cells other than the activity of free radical, a condition which eventually leads to cancer. By promoting proper communication between cells, carotenoids may play a role in cancer prevention. Lack of carotenoids is found to be associated with chronic disease, including heart disease and various cancers. Buckwheat Buckwheat contains chiro-inositol which, in research, shows to be effective in lowering the symptoms of  type II Diabetes. According to a study conducted by John Hopkins Medical Institute, subjects who consumed the greatest amount of buckwheat had the lowest blood pressures. Buckwheat contains vitamin P, which contains the flavonoid rutin. Rutin is known for its effectiveness in reducing the cholesterol count in the blood. Rutin is also known to keep capillaries and arteries strong and flexible and so is beneficial for varicose vein problems which means that it can be helpful to maintain rigid blood vessels, and also can help people who bleed or bruise easily from damage.

经络、寒气及营养 （18）

缺乏营养 维生素E所造成的疾病如：- 老年性黄斑变性(Age-related macular degeneration,AMD) 老年性黄斑变性(Age-related macular degeneration,AMD)是老年人视力损伤和致盲的主要原因。黃斑點變性,又名 ‘黃斑點退化， 是一種眼病,能導 致中央視力的永久缺失。 黃斑點是眼睛後面視網膜上負責中央視力 (包括細微的視力和色覺能力)的微小中央部份。 视网膜的高耗氧性,高长链多不饱和脂肪酸含量,作为氧自由基的靶点和暴露于可见光的特性使其易产生氧化应激。研究均显示抗氧化营养素有助于老年性黄斑变性的防治。導致黃斑點變性的危險因素可能包括: 抽煙、遺傳、高血， 曬太陽，白皙的皮膚/藍眼睛,和營養差,例如:缺乏主要的維生素或礦物質。在西方社會,黃斑點變性是50 歲以上的人失明的主要起因。研究均显 维生素 E 配合其他抗氧化剂如锌，维生素C 能保护老年性黄斑变性的发生和蔓延。 老年痴呆症 所谓的老年痴呆症，又称阿尔茨海默病 (Alzheimer's disease,AD) 是发生在老年期及老年前期的一种原发性退行性脑病，指的是一种持续性高级神经功能活动障碍。其特征性病理变化为大脑皮层萎缩，并伴有β-淀粉样蛋白 (β-amyloid,β-AP) 沉积，神经原纤维缠结 (neurofibrillary tangles , NFT) ，大量记忆性神经元数目减少，以及老年斑 (senileplaque,SP) 的形成。老年痴呆症会引起 记忆、思维、分析判断、视空间辨认、情绪等方面的障碍。老年痴呆症已不是老年人的“专利” 四五十岁就痴呆的人，数量也在逐年增加。老年痴呆在中年就开始有症状和反应，如果不提早发现和治疗，等发展严重了就无法治愈了。根据Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health 的研究 如每天 摄取 400-1000IU 得 维生素 E 栽配合 500-1000mg 的 维生素C 将能把老年痴呆症 可能发生的机率降低64-78% 帕金森症 根据 2005 年五月 的神经 专科刊物 The Lancet Neurology 如 每天 摄取 维生素 E 那将降低 帕金森症的风险。 胡萝卜素 所有的类胡萝卜素都是脂溶性的。β—胡萝卜素是类胡萝卜素之一，它是脂溶性化合物。它是自然界中最普遍存在也是最稳定的天然色素。类胡萝卜素能保护细胞免受自由基的危害，这些自由基的产生可能是人体在新陈代谢过程，或者吸烟、日光、辐射、污染或者甚至是压力环境下。自由基的形成可能成为一个连锁反应，如果没有消除，能损害DNA、脂肪和蛋白质。β—胡萝卜素是一种抗氧化剂，具有解毒作用，是维护人体健康不可缺少的营养素，在抗癌、预防心血管疾病、白内障及抗氧化上有显著的功能，并进而防止老化和衰老引起的多种退化性疾病。β—胡萝卜素在进入人体后可以转变为维生素A，不会有因过量摄食而造成维生素A累积中毒现象。另外，在促进动物的生育与成长也具有较好的功效。眼睛的视力取决于眼底的黄斑，如果没有足够的β—胡萝卜素来作保护与支持，这个部位就会发生退行性的病变，也就是老化了，视力会衰退甚至最终发生夜盲。癌症患者接受放疗和化疗时，β—胡萝卜素能降低其毒副反应。放疗能诱发产生氧自由基，而细胞微粒体膜完整性能阻止氧自由基产生，β—胡萝卜素能维护微粒体膜完整；化疗药物在杀灭癌细胞同时，可使正常细胞致突变，而β胡萝卜素有抗突变作用，从而减少其毒副反应 而科研方面也证实，癌症病人血中β胡萝卜素远远低于正常人。β-胡萝卜素是一种抗氧化物。食用富含β-胡萝卜素中的食物可以防止身体接触一种称为自由基的破坏分子。在合理的营养下，人体能产生足够量的抗氧化剂酶，以促进由抗氧化剂进行的消除自由基反应。这些酶包括了超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化酶。除了这些由人体产生的酶，人体通过食物和膳食增补剂摄入的抗氧化营养成分也能阻止自由基的连锁反应。抗氧化营养素包括维生素A、C、和E，生物类黄酮、硫辛酸和类胡萝卜素。研究人员指出，类胡萝卜素能增强免疫系统中B细胞的活力，B细胞能在机体内循环并消灭外源病原体。类胡萝卜素能为维持皮肤粘膜层的完整性，防止皮肤干燥，粗糙，构成视觉细胞内的感光物质，促进细胞生长发育，预防先天不足，促进骨骼及牙齿健康成长，维护生 殖 功能和促进免疫功能。通过一系列的医学研究，类胡萝b素已被建议用作癌症预防剂，生命延长剂，溃疡抵制剂，心脏病 荞麦 荞麦又名三角麦、乌麦、花荞。荞麦蛋白质中含有丰富的赖氨酸成分，铁、锰、锌等微量元素比一般谷物丰富，而且含有丰富膳食纤维具有很好的营养保健作用。荞麦含有丰富的维生素E和可溶性膳食纤维，同时还含有烟酸和芦丁（芸香甙），芦丁有降低人体血脂和胆固醇、软化血管、保护视力和预防脑血管出血的作用。它含有的烟酸成分能促进机体的新陈代谢，增强解毒能力，还具有扩张小血管和降低血液胆固醇的作用。荞麦含有丰富的镁，能促进人体纤维蛋白溶解，使血管扩张，抑制凝血块的形成，具有抗栓塞的作用，也有利于降低血清胆固醇。荞麦中的某些黄酮成分还具有抗菌，消炎，止咳，平喘，祛痰的作用。

jing luo, negative energy & nutrients (17)

What are the effects of nutrients on our health ? Nutrients can have marked effect on health. In the field of nutritional study, some nutrients are essential in maintaining the proper health and function of our bodies and without such nutrients our bodies systems will go astray and become malfunction, for instance, lack of vitamin C will produce scurvy disease and lack of vitamin B1 one will likely to get beriberi. Which are the best nutrients ? The naturally occurred nutrients are the best such as those derived from the plants as they can be readily absorbed by our bodies hence the term “bioavailability” which has been used to refer that the product can be readily absorbed by our bodies as compared with synthetic ones which usually are made from chemicals or inorganic materials. It is therefore most appropriate to know what are the essential nutrients which our bodies required and some of them are as stated below. Vitaman A- Vitamin A which plays an important role in vision, bone growth and formation of bones and teeth, repair of body tissues, reproduction, cell division, and cell differentiation (in which a cell becomes part of the brain, muscle, lungs, blood, or other specialized tissue.) Vitamin A helps to regulate the immune system, which in turn helps to prevent or fight off infections by making white blood cells destroy harmful bacteria and viruses. Vitamin A also may help lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) to fight infections more effectively. Vitamin A promotes healthy surface linings of the eyes and the respiratory, urinary, and intestinal tracts. When those linings break down, it becomes easier for bacteria to enter the body and cause infection. Vitamin A also helps the skin and mucous membranes function as a barrier to bacteria and viruses. It helps to reduce the black spot due to the process of aging. Vitamin A also helps to reduce free radical and any lack of Vitamin A will affect the functionality of the skin cells which will result in lack of elasticity, dryness, roughness and dullness of the skin. Vitamin A that is found in colorful fruits and vegetables is called provitamin A carotenoid. They can be made into retinol in the body. Common provitamin A carotenoids found in foods that come from plants are beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, and beta-cryptoxanthin Among these, beta-carotene is most efficiently made into retinol. Deficiency of vitamin A may lead to night blindness, dry eyes, rough skin, impaired bone growth and susceptibility to respiratory infections. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) Any excess of Vitamin B that is not used by our body will be discharged hence it is important that we do consume enough of Vitamin B everyday. Vitamin B1 helps to protect the nervous system and aids the function of heart, digestive system, stomach and intestine. Deficiency of Vitamin B1 will cause Beriberi which is a disease of the nervous system including weight loss, emotional disturbances, impaired sensory perception, weakness and pain in the limbs, irregular heartbeat and swelling of bodily tissues. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)- Deficiency of Vitamin B2 causes ariboflavinosi and the symptoms may include cracks in the lips, high sensitivity to sunlight, inflammation of the tongue, seborrheic dermatitis or pseudo-syphilis particularly affecting the scrotum or labia majora and the mouth, pharyngitis, hyperemia and edema of the pharyngeal and oral mucosa. Vitamin B2 helps to regenerate cells, assist the normal growth of skin, nails and hairs. Vitamin B2 also helps to improve vision and reduce tiredness of eyes. A German study found that previously it had been assumed that no plant contains a significant amount of vitamin B12, but the study revealed that Seabuckthorn not only contains all the vitamins B, its vitamin B12 content is as high as in liver. The clinical study shows that a lack of vitamin B12 causes skin disorders, anemia, digestive disorders, nerve damage, lack of appetite, irregular menstruation period, loss of memory, neurodegeneration and dysfunction of the mucous membranes. Vitamin E Vitamin E which is a fat-soluble vitamin. It is an antioxidant vitamin involved in the metabolism of all cells. It protects vitamin A and essential fatty acids from oxidation in the body cells and prevents breakdown of body tissues. It protects body cells against the effects of free radicals, which are potentially damaging by-products of energy metabolism. Free radicals can damage cells and may contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease and cancer. It also may protect against the development of cancers by enhancing immune function. Vitamin E can prevent the development of cancer and increase the immunity. Recent study conducted by medical and nutritional institute revealed that natural Vitamin E is more acceptable by our body than the synthetic one. Natural vitamin E exists in eight different forms or isomers, four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. All isomers have a chromanol ring, with ahydroxyl group which can donate a hydrogen atom to reduce free radicals and hydrophobic side chain which which allows for penetration into biological membranes. There is alpha, beta, gamma and delta form of both tocopherols and tocotrienols. Preliminary research has led to a widely held belief that vitamin E may help prevent or delay coronary heart disease. Researchers are fairly certain that oxidative modification of LDL cholesterol promotes blockages in coronary arteries that may lead to atherosclerosis and heart attacks. Vitamins E and other antioxidants remove wastes including peroxides, ailing and dead cells from blood thus avoiding damages to the artery walls. It is found that vitamin E may be important for prevention of neurodegeneration in humans [ aging and oxidation stress in neyurodegeneration- hiro Urano et.al]. Experiments also show that muscle lesions can be prevented with vitamin E [ Effect of Age and Dietary Fish on tocopherol status of C57BL/6Nia Mice- Simin Nikbin Meydani LIPIDS 33(11):1123-1129 (1998)] In 1960 a research institute discovered that a cell cultivate outside the body will die after undergoing about 60-70 subdivisions however if Vitamin E were to be added to it the cell will die after undergoing about 120-140 subdivisions. This means that the life expectancy is doubled ! It is therefore concluded that Vitamin E will delay the oxidation of cell which in turn will delay the process of aging. Vitamin E is the best anti-oxidant. Vitamin E helps to relieve cramp and stiffness of limbs.

经络、寒气及营养（17）

营养对健康有多大的影响？ 营养对健康有极大的影响。在营养科学的领域，有些营养是必需的。没有了它，会导致一些病症。比如说缺乏了维生素 C, 会导致 坏血病，缺乏了维生素 ， 脚气病。那一些营养最好呢？ 当然是天然的营养， 那时从植物中取得的营养， 因为它们容易被身体吸收。我们接下来看看各营养的功能，缺乏它会引起什么的病症。 维生素 A 维生素A（vitamin A）又称视黄醇可由植物来源的β-胡萝卜素合成。维生素A维持正常的视觉反应，上皮组织的正常形态与功能。保持皮肤湿润，防止皮肤黏膜干燥角质化，护皮肤细胞，可使皮肤柔软细嫩，防皱去皱的功效，不易受细菌伤害，有助于祛除老年斑 。维生素A可促进生长、发育，强壮骨骼，维护头发、牙齿和牙床的健康。维生素A有助于维持免疫系统功能正常，能加强对传染病特别是呼吸道感染及寄生虫感染的身体抵抗力，有助于对肺气肿，甲状腺机能亢进症的治疗。维生素A也有助于清除自由基。缺乏维生素A，会使上皮细胞的功能减退，导致皮肤弹性下降，干燥，粗糙，失去光泽。 维生素 B1 (Vitamin B1-Thiamine)- 维生素B1又称硫胺素或抗神经炎素。和所有 B 族维生素一样，多余的 B1 不会贮藏于体内，而会完全排出体外。所以，必须每天补充 。在体内，维生素B1有保护神经系统的作用；还能促进肠胃蠕动，增加食欲。维生素B1还是维持心脏，神经及消化系统正常功能所必需的 。维生素B1缺乏时，可引起多种神经炎症，如脚气病菌，心藏不规律跳动和身体组织肿胀。患者的周围神经末梢有发炎和退化现象，并伴有四肢麻木，肌肉萎缩，心力衰竭，下肢水肿等症状。 维生素 B2 (Vitamin B2-Riboflavin )- 维生素Ｂ２又称核黄素。缺乏维生素 B2 将引起 口角炎 （口角乳（湿）白及开裂），唇炎，舌炎，阴囊皮炎，脂溢性皮炎（多见于鼻翼两侧）。维生素Ｂ２能促进发育和细胞的再生； 促使皮肤、指甲、毛发的正常生长；帮助消除口腔内、唇、舌的炎症； 增进视力，减轻眼睛的疲劳。 缺乏维生素 B2 将引起.恶性贫血（红血球不足），月经不顺，眼睛及皮肤发黄，皮肤出现局部红肿并伴随蜕皮，恶心，食欲不振，体重减轻，唇,舌及牙龈发白，牙龈出血，头痛，记忆力减退，痴呆，可能引起人的精神忧郁， 脊髓变性，神经和周围神经退化,舌，口腔,消化道的粘膜发炎。 德国科学家发现 沙棘 油不单含有所有的 维生素 B，而 其中维生素 B12与肝同比。Vitamin B12 （钴胺素）是素食者最容易缺乏的维生素，也是红血球生成不可缺少的重要元素，如果严重缺乏，将导致恶性贫血！ 维生素 E 维生素 E 又称生育酚溶于脂肪 。它具有抗氧化作用，与多种酶一起构成体内抗氧化系统，保护着细胞骨架、蛋白质中巯基, 细胞内核酸等免受自由基的攻击。它保护身体细胞内的维生素A和必需脂肪酸被氧化和防止身体细胞分裂。它能保护身体细胞被自由基的破坏和自由基损害后的细胞引起心血管疾病和癌症。维生素 E 可防止癌症的发展, 加强免疫功能。 随着近代医学和营养学的发展，科学家们发现，与合成品相比，天然维生素E其实更符合人体的需要。 科学家认为低脂肪被氧化后将阻塞冠状动脉,而导致动脉粥样硬化和心脏病。初步研究已导致一个被广泛认为,维生素E有助于防止或拖延冠状动脉心脏病。维生素 E 和其他抗氧剂能从血液中排除垃圾 包括过氧化物，病死细胞从而避免损害动脉墙。因此，维生素E在维护免疫，神经，心血管正常运行，抗动脉粥样硬化、延缓衰老和抗癌上有一定作用。与此同时，维生素E还有一定的免疫功能，可以促进T淋巴细胞增殖和单核细胞分泌细胞因子，维他命E可以预防神经退化 [ ageing and oxidation stress in neyurodegeneration- hiro Urano et.al]. 试验还显示,维他命E可以预防肌肉损伤 [ Effect of Age and Dietary Fish on tocopherol status of C57BL/6Nia Mice- Simin Nikbin Meydani LIPIDS 33(11):1123-1129 (1998)]。 1960年研究机构发现一个奇迹：正常人体细胞在体外培养，一般分裂60-70代就会衰老直至死亡，但如果在培养中加入维生素E，奇迹发生了，细胞分裂120-140代后才衰老死亡。也就是说，人体细胞寿命多了一倍。 维生素 E 的功效为：-延缓细胞因氧化而老化， 是极好的自由基清除剂，能保护生物膜免受自由基攻击，有效的抗衰老营养素，提高肌体免疫力，保持血红细胞的完整性，促进血红细胞的生物合成，是细胞呼吸的必需促进因子，可保护肺组织免受空气污染， 预肪心血管病 。当体内维生素E充足时，肝脏就有能力解除一些物质的毒性。维生素 E 有助于减轻腿抽筋和手足僵硬的状况。